GNSS-R水位监测研究进展与其在我国水利行业应用展望

张朋杰; 庞治国; 路京选; 江威; 吕娟; 孙铭涵

doi:10.12265/j.gnss.2023180

GNSS-R水位监测研究进展与其在我国水利行业应用展望

doi: 10.12265/j.gnss.2023180

张朋杰^{1, 2,},
庞治国^{1, 2, ,},
路京选^{1, 2,},
江威^{1, 2},
吕娟^{1, 2},
孙铭涵^{1, 2}

1.
中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038
2.
水利部防洪抗旱工程技术研究中心, 北京 100038

基金项目: 北斗水利综合应用示范项目(GFZX030303020127)

详细信息

作者简介:
张朋杰：(1995—)，男，博士研究生，研究方向为遥感、GNSS在水利行业应用. E-main：zhangpengjie@edu.iwhr.com

庞治国：(1975—)，男，博士，教授级高工，研究方向为遥感数据处理及信息提取，水资源、水环境遥感监测，国际河流遥感监测及无人机遥感等. E-mail：pangzg@iwhr.com

路京选：(1961—)，男，博士，教授级高工，研究方向为3S技术在水利上的应用. E-mail：lujx@iwhr.com

通信作者:
庞治国 pangzg@iwhr.com

中图分类号: P228
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-18

Research progress of GNSS-R water level monitoring and its application prospect in China’s water conservancy industry

ZHANG Pengjie^{1, 2
,},
PANG Zhiguo^{1, 2
, ,},
LU Jingxuan^{1, 2
,},
JIANG Wei^{1, 2},
LYU Juan^{1, 2},
SUN Minghan^{1, 2}

1.
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038 China
2.
Research Center of Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China

摘要

摘要: 水位监测在水文学、水利工程、灾害防治等领域都具有非常重要的意义. 传统的水位监测方法存在成本高、覆盖范围小等缺点，GNSS不仅具有导航、定位及授时的功能，还可以利用其反射信号获取反射面的特性信息并将其称为全球卫星导航系统反射测量(Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry，GNSS-R). 近年来，GNSS-R技术以低成本、全天候、高时空分辨率等优势为水位监测提供了一种新方法. 本文对GNSS-R水位监测的研究现状、不同方法的影响因素以及当前应用过程中存在的问题进行了总结归纳提出了下一步的发展趋势，最后对其在我国水利行业的应用进行了展望.
- 全球卫星导航系统反射测量(GNSS-R) /
- 水位监测 /
- 群延迟 /
- 载波相位 /
- 信噪比(SNR)
Abstract: Water level monitoring is crucial for the fields of hydrology, hydraulic engineering, and disaster prevention and control. Traditional methods of monitoring water levels have several drawbacks, including high costs and limited coverage. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) serves multifaceted functions, including navigation, positioning, and timing. Additionally, it can harness its reflection signal to extract characteristic information from the reflecting surface, a technique known as GNSS reflection signal remote sensing (GNSS-R). In recent years, GNSS-R technology has emerged as a novel approach for water level monitoring, offering advantages such as cost-effectiveness, all-weather operability, and high temporal and spatial resolution. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research in GNSS-R water level monitoring. It discusses the influencing factors of different methodologies and identifies challenges encountered in the application process. Furthermore, it proposes future development trends and anticipates its potential application in China’s water conservancy industry.
- GNSS-R /
- water level monitoring /
- group delay /
- carrier phase /
- SNR

HTML全文

图 1 GNSS-R水位监测的几何关系示意图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 对于不同的接收器高度和入射角镜面点位置的垂直分量误差^[22]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 星载条件下GNSS-R测高几何^[23]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 GNSS-R单天线水位监测的几何关系

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同GNSS-R测高方法的对比

方法	天线配置	精度	优点	缺点
群延迟测高本地码测高	双天线	m	高时间分辨率	精度低、受水面粗糙度的影响
群延迟测高干涉测高(iGNSS-R)	双天线	dm	较高精度、高时间分辨率	设备和数据处理方法复杂、受水面粗糙度的影响
载波相位测高	双天线或多天线	cm	高精度、高时间分辨率	受水面粗糙度的影响
信噪比测高(GNSS-IR)	单天线	cm	简单易实现、不受水面粗糙度的影响	时间分辨率低

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