基于平方根信息滤波的北斗卫星实时定轨方法

Real-time orbit determination of Beidou satellite based on square root information filtering

  • 摘要: 连续、稳定、高精度的实时卫星轨道产品是北斗国际化、规模化、智能化应用的重要前提. 当前,北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的实时精密轨道产品多基于“批处理解算+轨道预报”的超快速模式获得,存在连续性较差、稳定性较低、精度不高等问题. 为此,本文采用平方根信息滤波(SRIF)方法对北斗卫星精密轨道进行实时逐历元解算. 实验结果表明:相比于超快速定轨模式,基于实时滤波方法的轨道产品能够有效避免边界跳变,具有更好的连续性和稳定性;同时,实时滤波定轨方法能够显著提高BDS的轨道精度,其中中轨道地球卫星(MEO)和倾斜地球同步轨道卫星(IGSO)的三维轨道误差分别减小了46%和68%,卫星激光测距(SLR)检核精度也普遍优于预报轨道.

     

    Abstract: Continuous, stable and high-precision real-time satellite orbit products are essential for the international, scale and intelligent application of the BeiDou system. Current BDS real-time precise orbit products, which rely on “batch processing solution + orbit prediction”, suffer from poor continuity, low stability and low accuracy. Therefore, we introduce the square root information filtering method to perform real-time epoch-by-epoch solutions for the precise orbit of BeiDou satellites. Experimental results demonstrate that the BDS orbits generated by real-time filtering method outperform the ultra-rapid orbit products by effectively avoiding boundary jumps, improving continuity and stability. Moreover, the real-time filtering precise orbit determination method can significantly improve the orbit accuracy of BeiDou satellites, reducing the 3D orbit errors of MEO and IGSO satellites by 46% and 68%, respectively. Also, the validation by satellite laser ranging shows that the orbit accuracy of real-time filtering method is generally better than that of the predicted orbit.

     

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