Abstract: Geomagnetic positioning and navigation, as one of the important technical means in the multi-source fusion navigation and positioning technology system, has the advantages of wide application range, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, and all-weather work, etc., which provides a passive and autonomous positioning and navigation technology for the moving carrier, especially in the underground, underwater and other scenes where the satellite signal reception is limited. In this paper, the realization process of geomagnetic positioning in different application scenarios and application platforms is described in detail, and the key technologies affecting the application of geomagnetic positioning are analyzed and the technical approaches are given, so as to deeply explore and verify the practical application of geomagnetic positioning technology.