Design of mixed functional ephemeris characterization for GEO ring target orbit based on static ground properties

The geostationary earth orbit (GEO) ring is a unique class of orbital resources with a strategic high altitude location. For a long time, the GEO ring cataloging target adopts two-line element and simplified general Perturbations-4 model TLE-SDP4 for generic orbit calculation, but this analytic algorithm has disadvantages such as limited extrapolation accuracy, complicated use process and difficult to understand by users. In this paper, we design a mixed functional parametric ephemeris model combining the classical Keplerian elements and polynomial-Fourier series for the GEO’s static ground characteristics, which can be used for 12~24 h orbit fitting and simultaneous release of parametric groups of high-precision numerical integration orbits, with a concise user calculation model. The 1-year ephemeris fitting experiments for three representative GEO targets show that the mean value of 1 day fitting root mean square (RMS) is better than 20 m. When the fitting length is shortened to 12 h, the fitting accuracy is better than 0.15 m. This can provide a reference for the hierarchical management of China’s space target cataloguing database.