Land subsidence monitoring in coal mining collapse area of Urumqi
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摘要: 乌鲁木齐市侏罗系含煤地层呈近东西向横穿城市主城区，具有含煤层数多、单层煤层巨厚且近乎直立的地质特点. 数十年以来，煤炭资源的开采破坏了乌鲁木齐的城市环境，由此造成的塌陷区威胁着周边居民的生产生活，也严重制约着城市发展，限制了土地资源的开发利用. 本文以乌鲁木齐市横跨水磨沟区和米东区的六道湾煤矿、苇湖梁煤矿等为研究区，以Sentinel-1A数据为主要数据源，采用短基线集合成孔径雷达干涉(SBAS-InSAR)技术监测研究区内2018-06-01—2022-06-30的历史废弃煤矿、现有开采煤矿和周边居民区的地表沉降现象. 利用SBAS-InSAR技术处理SAR数据，获取研究区内地表时序形变结果，生成地理编码后的年均速率及累积形变量，发现多个矿区沉降漏斗范围扩大，且沉降漏斗中心的累积沉降量超过−150 mm. 通过与全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)结果的对比分析发现，GNSS与SBAS结果整体沉降趋势一致，均方根误差(RMSE)为2~3 mm，因此SBAS-InSAR具有较高的可信度.
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关键词:
- 合成孔径雷达干涉(InSAR)测量 /
- 短基线集InSAR(SBAS-InSAR) /
- 全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) /
- 矿区塌陷地 /
- 乌鲁木齐市
Abstract: The Jurassic coal-bearing layers in Urumqi intersect the major metropolitan region in a near east-west direction, with the geological features of many coal-bearing seams and massive and virtually vertical single coal seams. For decades, coal resource mining has harmed Urumqi’s urban environment, and the ensuing subsidence zones endanger the productivity and lives of the surrounding population, as well as severely limiting the city’s development of the cities and the development and usage of land resources. The main data source in this paper is Sentinel-1A data from the Liudaowan coal mine and Reed Huliang coal mine, which straddle Shuimoegou and Midong districts in Urumqi, and SBAS-InSAR technique is used to monitor the surface subsidence phenomena of historical abandoned coal mines, existing mined coal mines, and surrounding residential areas in the study area from June 2018 to the end of June 2022. The SBAS-InSAR technology is used to process SAR data, obtain surface time series deformation results in the study area, and generate annual average rate and cumulative deformation variables after geocoding, and it is discovered that the extent of subsidence funnels in several mining areas expanded and the cumulative subsidence in the center of the subsidence funnels exceeded −150 mm. The total sinking of GPS and SBAS findings is determined after comparison with the results of the GPS. The trend is stable, and the root mean square error is less than 2-3 mm.-
Key words:
- InSAR /
- SBAS /
- GNSS /
- coal mine subsidence /
- Urumqi
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表 1 调查范围一览表
调查区 范 围 面积/km2 备注 重点区 西起河滩快速路，东至八道湾 17.61 - 次重点区 西起八道湾，东至铁厂沟 20.78 东区 一般调查区 西起铁厂沟，东至水磨河 46.97 东区 次重点区 西起兰新铁路线，东至河滩快速路 20.99 西区 扣除区域 东起兰新铁路线，西至马家庄 117.53 兵团管辖区 一般调查区 西起头屯河，东至至马家庄 41.27 西区 合计 西起头屯河，东至水磨河 265.15 全区 
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表 2 采煤塌陷面积占比表
等级划分 沉降量/mm 面积/km2 占比/% 特严重区 <−150 0.42 1.00 严重区 −150~−75 1.49 3.70 较严重区 −75~−30 4.07 10.04 轻微区 −30~0 24.44 60.38 稳定区 >0 10.07 24.88
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