Satellite navigation signal acquisition method based on joint optimization of complexity and performance
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摘要: 针对短突发信号捕获计算复杂度高的问题，提出了一种基于复杂度和性能联合优化的卫星导航信号捕获方法，推导分析采用并行频率搜索的分段相关-视频积累捕获算法的捕获性能和计算复杂度构建联合捕获优化因子. 对不同频率搜索间隔、不同接收机灵敏度和不同相关器个数三种情况分别进行了优化设计，得到其计算复杂度和捕获性能联合最优的分段数，并与传统单一捕获性能优化方法对比，仿真实验结果表明：该设计值与载噪比(CNR)、频率搜索间隔等因素相关，可以有效控制捕获算法的计算复杂度；在输入CNR为45 dB-Hz、相关器个数为8、多普勒搜索间隔为2 000 Hz的情况下，相比于传统捕获优化方法，可降低21.2%的计算复杂度.Abstract: Aiming at the high computational complexity of short burst signal acquisition, an acquisition method based on the joint optimization of computational complexity and acquisition performance is proposed. The acquisition performance and computational complexity of the segmented correlation-video accumulation acquisition algorithm using parallel frequency search is derivatively analyzed. The joint acquisition optimization factor is constructed, and the optimal design is carried out for different frequency search intervals, different receiver sensitivities, and different numbers of correlators, and the optimal number of segments for computational complexity and acquisition performance is obtained. The simulation results show that this method can effectively control the computational complexity of the acquisition algorithm. When the input carrier-to-noise ratio is 45 dB-Hz, the number of correlators is 8, and the Doppler search interval is 2 000 Hz, meanwhile, the computational complexity can be reduced by 21.2% compared with the traditional acquisition optimization method.
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表 1 乘法器计算复杂度
运算步骤 计算复杂度 L点相关 $4{N_{\rm{c}}}NML$ ${F_{\rm{p}}}$点FFT运算 $2{N_{\rm{c}}}N{F_{\rm{p}}}{\log _2}\left( { {N_1} } \right)$ 包络检波 $4{N_{\rm{c}}}N{F_{\rm{p}}}$ 小计 $2{N_{\rm{c}}}N\left( {2ML + {F_{\rm{p}}}{ {\log }_2}{F_{\rm{p}}} + 2{F_{\rm{p}}} } \right)$ 
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表 2 加法器计算复杂度
运算步骤 计算复杂度 L点相关 $2{N_{\rm{c}}}NML$ ${F_{\rm{p}}}$点FFT运算 $3{N_{\rm{c}}}N{F_{\rm{p}}}{\log _2}\left( { {F_{\rm{p}}} } \right)$ 包络检波 ${N_{\rm{c}}}N\left( {3{F_{\rm{p}}} + 1} \right)$ 小计 ${N_{\rm{c}}}N\left( 2ML + 3{F_{\rm{p}}}{\log _2}{F_{\rm{p}}} + 3{F_{\rm{p}}} + 1 \right)$
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表 3 不同多普勒搜索间隔下最优分段数N
${f_{{\rm{d}}\Delta } }$/Hz ${f_{\rm{d}}}$/Hz ${N_{{\text{opt}}}}$ ${T_{{\text{opt}}}}$/ms ${L_{\min }}$/dB ${O_0}$/(107) 500 250 3 1.000 0.511 8.63 1 000 500 5 0.600 0.779 9.36 2 000 1 000 8 0.375 1.198 10.45 3 000 1 500 11 0.273 1.547 11.54 4 000 2 000 13 0.231 1.852 12.27
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表 4 不同多普勒搜索间隔联合下最优分段数N
fdΔ/Hz fd/Hz Nopt Topt/ms Lmin/dB O0/(107) O0下降比/% 500 250 1 3.0 1.473 7.90 9.2 1 000 500 2 1.5 1.609 8.26 13.3 2 000 1 000 3 1.0 2.897 8.62 21.2 3 000 1 500 5 0.6 2.670 9.36 23.3 4 000 2 000 6 0.5 3.358 9.72 26.2
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