Retrieving water surface height with high accuracy and reliability based on GNSS-R in reservoir area and its validation
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摘要: 全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)反射测量技术的出现，为高时空分辨率水位监测提供了一种新的解决方案. 尤其在我国，大中型大坝、库岸高边坡大多建立了GNSS变形监测系统，为全球卫星导航反射信号(GNSS-R)技术监测水位提供了不需重复建设的硬件设备与丰富的数据资源. 以GPS 信噪比(SNR)数据为观测量，详细推导了卫星反射信号反演水面高度的原理，重点分析了精细化提取可用反演卫星及其有效时段的方法，并在此基础上完成趋势项去除及Lomb-Scargle频谱分析，给出完整的反演水面高度的数据处理流程. 通过济南市卧虎山水库坝体及泄洪闸两处位置进行实测，将反演的水位高度与实测的水位进行对比分析. 结果表明：两不同测站的反演精度均达到厘米级，满足水位监测需求. 也充分验证了利用大坝和库区已建立的GNSS变形监测系统开展GNSS-R水位监测的可行性及可靠性.
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关键词:
- 全球卫星导航反射信号(GNSS-R) /
- 水面高 /
- 库区 /
- 信噪比(SNR) /
- Lomb-Scargle频谱分析
Abstract: The Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) providess a novel solution for water level monitoring with high temporal-spatial resolution. It has a great potentiality especially in our country, in large and medium-sized dams or high-steep slopes of reservoir banks, which GNSS deformation monitoring systems have been established. It can provide abundant data resources without extra hardware equipment. In this paper, the algorithm of satellite reflection signal inversion of water surface height is deduced based on GPS signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio data firstly. And then available satellites and section are determined and the trend term removal and Lomb-Scargle spectrum analysis is completed on this basis to provide a complete data processing process of inversion of water surface height. Through the actual measurement at the dam body and the flood gate of Wohushan reservoir in Jinan, the inverted water level is compared to the actual measured water level. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the inversion height of the two separate stations reaches the centimetre level and meets the water level monitoring requirements. It also fully verified the feasibility and reliability of GNSS-R water level monitoring using the established GNSS deformation monitoring system in the dam and reservoir area. -
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